WBS: the certificate for subsidised housing
If your income is modest, a WBS can open the door to social housing with well-below-market rents. Students, low earners and families often qualify without realising it. Here's what a Wohnberechtigungsschein is, who's eligible, and how to apply.
What a WBS gets you
A Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) is an official certificate confirming you're entitled to rent subsidised housing (sozialer Wohnungsbau). These apartments have capped, below-market rents, and many are only available to applicants who hold a valid WBS. In tight, expensive cities, that can mean a real, affordable option that most newcomers overlook.
Who qualifies
- Income below a limit that depends on your household size – and, importantly, varies by federal state and often by city.
- Many groups qualify: students, low earners, families and pensioners – more people than expect to.
- Legal residence in Germany with a status that allows a longer stay, plus registration at your address.
The exact income limits differ by region, so there's no single national figure. Check the current thresholds for your household with your local housing office – it's the only reliable source. For a first estimate, our WBS eligibility calculator lists the limits of all 16 states with a source for each, and reproduces the official calculation – which compares neither your gross nor your net salary, but the relevant annual income after work expenses, three ten-per-cent flat rates and allowances.
How to apply
Go to your local housing office
Apply at the Wohnungsamt or Bürgeramt in your city. Many offer the form online to fill in beforehand.
Bring the documents
Typically the application form, your ID, proof of registration (Anmeldung), and proof of income for everyone in your household.
Use it while it's valid
An approved WBS is valid for a set period. Show it when applying for subsidised flats – and start early, as demand is high.
Apply to any flat – subsidised or not – faster
Whether it's a WBS flat or an open-market listing, you still have to apply and stand out. WohnungsBewerber reads the listing, writes your personal German application letter and pre-fills the contact form on all five portals. You review and send it yourself. Free, data stays local.
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Frequently asked questions
What is a Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS)?
An official certificate that entitles you to rent subsidised apartments with below-market rents. You qualify if your household income is below a limit set by your state or city, and many social-housing landlords require a valid WBS.
Who qualifies?
It depends on household size and income staying under a threshold that varies by state and city. Students, low earners, families and pensioners can all qualify. Check the exact figures with your local housing office.
How do I apply?
At your local housing office (Wohnungsamt or Bürgeramt), usually with an application form, ID, proof of registration and proof of household income. If approved, you get a WBS valid for a set period.
Do foreigners qualify?
Yes, if you legally reside in Germany and meet the income and residence conditions. You'll generally need to be registered with a residence status that allows a longer stay. Check the specifics with your local housing office.